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Date: April 30, 2024 Tue
Time: 2:37 am
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Results for crime prevention (australia)
9 results foundAuthor: Wrapson, W. Title: Evaluation of the Eyes on the Street Program: Final Report Summary: Eyes on the Street (EOTS) is a managed and centrally co-ordinated intelligence gathering initiative involving local government and other workers. Participants are provided with training to report suspicious and criminal activity together with regular feedback on report submissions. This report contains the findings and recommendations arising out of an evaluation of the EOTS program. Details: Perth: Crime Research Centre, University of Western Australia, 2008. 79p. Source: Year: 2008 Country: Australia URL: Shelf Number: 118086 Keywords: Community Participation (Australia)Crime Prevention (Australia)Neighborhood Watch (Australia) |
Author: Cozens, Paul Title: The Relevance and Importance of Designing Out Crime to Design Schools and Design Companies in Australia Summary: This research was an enquiry into ‘the state of play’ concerning the knowledge and use of product design in Australia to reduce crime via Designing Out Crime approaches. The objectives of the research were to: · evaluate current knowledge and awareness of Designing Out Crime ideas in the product design arena in Australian product design companies and design schools to establish background information on which future work could be based, and; · organise a national design competition in which participants designed products to reduce crime using Designing Out Crime principles to gain understanding of the cutting edge of Designing Out Crime activity, and to promote Designing Out Crime and the work of the WA Office of Crime Prevention in reducing crime via product design. The research involved four stages: 1. A literature review involving the collection and analysis of published information about the status of Designing Out Crime policies, projects and programs in Australia and the UK. This provides a resource and basis for comparative assessment of DOC understanding and skills in Australia using the UK as a reference. 2. A survey questionnaire was developed and distributed to design companies identified by their web presence, the Yellow Pages and the Design Institute of Australia. The survey was also distributed to University design schools across Australia. The questionnaire was used to investigate the level of awareness, practice and enthusiasm for DOC in Australia. 3. A brief analysis of products vulnerable to theft and vandalism. 4. A design competition (the Design Out Crime Awards’08) and website (www.docawards.org) were created to gather some examples of the current ‘state of play’ in DOC, to manage the entry process and to promote Designing Out Crime approaches across Australia. The research adds to the body of knowledge by investigating whether Designing Out Crime is known, understood, practiced and taught to any meaningful extent in Australia. The findings are significant because they provide the Office of Crime Prevention with an overview of the current state of play to guide crime prevention strategies, policy and practice and future research. They help target the best opportunities for funding research to reduce crime, for example, for reducing the opportunities for crime for specific products. Details: Perth: Western Australia Office of Crime Prevention, 2009. 31p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 8, 2011 at: http://www.designoutcrime.org/publications/DOC-Product%20DesignReport.pdf Year: 2009 Country: Australia URL: http://www.designoutcrime.org/publications/DOC-Product%20DesignReport.pdf Shelf Number: 122678 Keywords: Crime Prevention (Australia)Design Against CrimeSchool CrimeSchool Security |
Author: Haigh, Yvonne Title: Urban Renewal and Crime Prevention Strategies: A Case Study in Phoenix Rise Summary: Urban redevelopment is a challenge for all levels of government and the community involved in the renewal process. The spaces in which people live, whether in public housing or in private tenure, impact on personal identity and provide linkages between the personal and the community. That redevelopment in many urban areas includes demolition, refurbishment and the subsequent moving of people into alternative accommodation raises many questions about the role of public housing in modern democracies. While the benefits associated with redeveloping older and out-dated designs have been documented in terms of crime reduction (Gans 1961), addressing social exclusion and accessing public space (Peel 1996; Wilson 1987, 1991, 1997), the perceptions of residents experiencing a redevelopment project have not been well documented. This project acknowledges that urban renewal does not constitute a ‘quick fix’ for past design errors or policies that established purpose-built state housing estates. It also acknowledges that the Department for Housing and Works (Western Australia) and the City of Cockburn are working with the community to bring about change that aims to provide the basis for resilient, sustainable and diverse communities. The body of this report discusses the following issues: • An overview of literature that addresses urban renewal • The policy nexus that encompasses urban renewal, crime prevention and community development • An outline of the demographics of Phoenix Rise (Southwell) • Statistical analysis of three survey waves conducted in the Phoenix Rise locality from January 2006 to February 2007 • Factors identified from community members that pertain to developing a safe living environment • A discussion of the unintended consequences of the new Living Project • Recommendations for the policy nexus The body of the report also makes several specific findings: • Statistical analysis of the survey data does not identify, in general, a significant trend in the residents’ perceptions of Phoenix Rise as either improving or declining during the New Living Project • Statistical trends have been identified in the following areas: an increase in feeling unsafe at night; a decrease in the perception of community consultation; and people perceive it is safer in winter than in summer • Unintended consequences refer to an initial loss of social networks especially in the area of young children and older citizens • The residents of Phoenix Rise do not have information regarding the aspects of the redevelopment project that aim to reduce/prevent criminal activity Factors that impact on safety and quality of life: • A significant proportion of the residents view ‘target hardening’ through high fencing, security systems, visible policing and security guards as primary forms of providing a safe living environment • Reducing the level of obvious vandalism in the area • Targeting vacant houses during the redevelopment period with appropriate security measures • More effective street lighting is required as residents perceive night time to be more unsafe than daylight hours • Further landscaping on verges and in parks Recommendations • At a policy level, work needs to be undertaken to develop benchmarks for effectively evaluating redevelopment projects. This must include, but is not limited to a range of indicators including an analysis of crime statistics, 4 pre, during and post redevelopment, surveys of residents’ perceptions of the changes, interviews with people leaving and moving into the area; interviews with key government stakeholders to ascertain how standards are developed and the manner in which new housing criteria are implemented • At the level of crime prevention, a pamphlet that outlines the crime prevention characteristics of the urban renewal project needs to be developed and distributed to the residents in the locality • Community development support systems require more visibility, especially during the early and middle stages of the renewal project, to deal with the initial loss of social networks for younger school age children and older citizens • Ensure community consultation and information is continued throughout the entire project Overall this project has identified that the New Living Project implemented in Phoenix Rise is still undergoing transition. Residents’ perceptions of the locality and the changes taking place have not significantly altered over the study period in either positive or negative terms. Details: Perth, Western Australia: Murdoch University, Centre for Social and Community Research, 2008. 64p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed March 29, 2012 at: http://www.cscr.murdoch.edu.au/_docs/urbanrenewal.pdf Year: 2008 Country: Australia URL: http://www.cscr.murdoch.edu.au/_docs/urbanrenewal.pdf Shelf Number: 124758 Keywords: Crime Prevention (Australia)Situational Crime PreventionUrban AreasUrban CrimeUrban Renewal |
Author: Allard, Troy Title: Targeting Crime Prevention to Reduce Offending: Identifying communities that generate chronic and costly offenders Summary: This study explored whether some communities generate chronic and costly offenders. It draws on methods and findings from criminal careers, and crime and place research. Criminal careers research is focused on the individual and is concerned with the different offending patterns developed over the life course. The research presented in this paper uses the Semi-Parametric Group-based Method (SPGM) to identify offenders on different trajectories, who differ in terms of their age of initiation and pattern of offending over the lifecourse (Kreuter & Muthén 2008). This research has found a small group of chronic offenders who began offending early in life and who account for a large proportion of offences (Allard et al. under review; Cohen, Piquero & Jennings 2010a, 2010b; Piquero 2008). There has recently been renewed interest in place-based approaches for targeting crime prevention, such as justice reinvestment. This project linked research from life course and place-based criminology to explore whether some communities generated chronic and costly offenders. The Semi-Parametric Group-based Method was used to identify non-normative or chronic offenders in the 1990 Queensland Longitudinal Dataset (n=14,171). The postal areas generating chronic offenders were identified based on the proportion of the population who were chronic offenders and the overall cost of chronic offenders. The offender’s first recorded postal area was used to assign location. The top 10 percent of postal areas generating chronic offenders accounted for 20.5 percent of chronic offenders. The top 10 percent of most costly locations contained 40.4 percent of chronic offenders and 50.5 percent of the total cost of chronic offenders. The identified locations had a high proportion of Indigenous youth, were in remote or very remote locations and experienced high levels of disadvantage. The authors conclude that there is an urgent need for therapeutic and place-based interventions to reduce crime and victimisation in these communities. Details: Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology, 2012. 8p. Source: Trends & issues in crime and criminal justice No. 445: Internet Resource: Accessed September 24, 2012 at http://www.aic.gov.au/documents/6/A/C/%7B6AC251B0-13F8-4B36-B5DC-546FFB1EA452%7Dtandi445.pdf Year: 2012 Country: Australia URL: http://www.aic.gov.au/documents/6/A/C/%7B6AC251B0-13F8-4B36-B5DC-546FFB1EA452%7Dtandi445.pdf Shelf Number: 126412 Keywords: Chronic Offenders (Australia)Communities and Crime (Australia)Costs of Crime (Australia)Crime Prevention (Australia) |
Author: Morgan, Anthony Title: Effective Crime Prevention Interventions for Implementation by Local Government Summary: Councils are responsible for a range of services related to crime prevention, including managing public space and building design, providing a range of community services and developing policies that affect local businesses. More recently, there has been increasing pressure on local government to contribute to the delivery of a variety of social services and to engage in social planning. This comprehensive report is a collaboration between the Crime Prevention Division of the NSW Department of Attorney General and Justice, and the AIC. It is a large-scale systematic review of interventions to prevent a number of crime types identified as priority areas for local councils in New South Wales. Offences such as non-domestic violence related assault; break and enter; car theft; retail theft and malicious damage were reviewed against specific crime prevention methods. The AIC provided the NSW CPD with a summary of the evidence in support of interventions for each priority crime type. A number of preferred intervention types were selected that could be implemented by local councils, with the support of the CPD, in areas with a significant crime problem. This study has led to a series of handbooks to assist local government to select, adapt and implement the preferred interventions. Details: Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology, 2012. 147p. Source: Internet Resource: Research and Public policy Series 120: Accessed January 17, 2013 at: http://www.aic.gov.au/publications/current%20series/rpp/100-120/rpp120.html Year: 2012 Country: Australia URL: http://www.aic.gov.au/publications/current%20series/rpp/100-120/rpp120.html Shelf Number: 127285 Keywords: Crime Prevention (Australia)Malicious DamageMotor-Vehicle TheftPublic SpaceResidential BurglarySituational Crime PreventionStealingTheftVandalism |
Author: Allard, Troy Title: Targeting Crime Prevention: Identifying communities which generate chronic and costly offenders to reduce offending, crime, victimisation and Indigenous over-representation in the criminal justice system Summary: Indigenous over-representation is the most significant social justice and public policy issue within the Australian criminal justice system. Despite the existence of justice agreements and plans in every jurisdiction over the past decade, the gap has continued to widen in every jurisdiction. Indigenous people aged 10 and over were between 5.6 and 8.4 times more likely than non-Indigenous people to be arrested during 2009-2010. Indigenous youth were 13.4 times more likely than non-Indigenous youth to be under community supervision and 23.9 times more likely to be in youth detention during 2009-2010. Indigenous adults were 14.3 times more likely than non-Indigenous adults to be incarcerated during 2011. Two national policy initiatives are driving attempts to reduce Indigenous disadvantage, including Indigenous over-representation in the criminal justice system. The Closing the Gap strategy recognises the need for a long-term approach to reduce Indigenous disadvantage. The strategy aims to achieve simultaneous improvements in seven areas of life: early childhood, schooling, health, economic participation, healthy homes, safe communities and governance and leadership. The National Indigenous Law & Justice Framework aims to create safer Indigenous communities. One of the main mechanisms proposed to reduce Indigenous over-representation as offenders in the criminal justice system is through the use of effective and targeted crime prevention programs. Unfortunately little publically available information exists regarding how programs might be targeted to reduce offending by Indigenous peoples. Details: Report to the Criminology Research Advisory Council, 2012. 69p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed February 11, 2013 at: Year: 2012 Country: Australia URL: Shelf Number: 127583 Keywords: AboriginalsChronic OffendersCommunities and CrimeCosts of CrimeCrime Prevention (Australia)Indigenous PeoplesMinority Groups |
Author: Morgan, Anthony Title: Evaluating Crime Prevention: Lessons from large-scale community crime prevention programs Summary: The Australian Institute of Criminology has spent a number of years working with crime prevention agencies across Australia reviewing large-scale programs that involve the delivery of varying activities directed at the prevention of crime. Taken as a whole, this experience has shown that, despite good intentions and aspirations to evidence-based practice, both the level and quality of evaluations have been limited by several practical challenges. In turn, this has hampered efforts to develop a body of good quality Australian evidence about what is effective in preventing crime and what is required in order to deliver effective interventions. Using previously unpublished data collected as part of the reviews of two national Australian crime prevention programs, the authors examine the practical factors that impact on evaluation and make a number of important recommendations for the evaluation of projects delivered as part of large-scale community crime prevention programs. The authors argue that rather than persisting with traditional approaches that encourage local organisations to undertake potentially expensive and time-consuming evaluations of their own work, program managers and central agencies must become more proactive and increasingly innovative in their approaches to evaluation. Details: Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology, 2013. 12p. Source: Internet Resource: Trends & issues in crime and criminal justice no. 458: Accessed July 11, 2013 at: Year: 2013 Country: Australia URL: Shelf Number: 129369 Keywords: Community Crime PreventionCrime Prevention (Australia) |
Author: Queensland. Parliament. Legal Affairs and Community Safety Committee Title: Inquiry on strategies to prevent and reduce criminal activity in Queensland Summary: Crime prevention as a strategy for governments is not a new concept. It has long been accepted that implementation of strategies or programs aimed at preventing the incidence of crime is one of the most effective ways of reducing the overall levels of crime. According to the National Crime Prevention Framework (prepared by the Australian Institute of Criminology (AIC) on behalf of the Australian and New Zealand Crime Prevention Senior Officers' Group), crime prevention includes: ...strategies and measures that seek to reduce the risk of crime occurring, and their potential harmful effects on individuals and society, including fear of crime, by intervening to influence their multiple causes. In addition to improving the general safety and security of individuals that comes with more general law enforcement efforts, crime prevention strategies can have a number of other benefits including: - reducing the long term costs associated with the criminal justice system; - reducing the direct costs of crime - both economic and social; - reducing the indirect costs of crime - by increased savings in areas such as welfare and health care payments; and - a general improvement in the quality of life of members in the community. 2.1 Approaches to Crime Prevention While the concept of crime prevention appears relatively simple at first glance, crime prevention is complex with a range of factors influencing which type of strategy or program to use for a particular problem at any given time. There are four generally accepted approaches to crime prevention, to which consideration should be given when looking at how to address particular problems. Criminal Justice approaches - which see the police and other law enforcement agencies carrying out their core business of enforcing the laws and offenders being held to account by progressing through the courts and correctional facilities. Social or developmental approaches - which focus primarily on 'early intervention' and targets areas to address the underlying social and economic causes of such crime. These types of approaches often focus on parenting programs and school based programs and aim to reduce the likelihood of young people entering the criminal justice system. Situational or environmental approaches - which look more at the physical environment in which crime occurs. These approaches aim to reduce opportunities for crime through better design, organisation and management of public places, and generally improving security measures for both homes and businesses. Community based approaches - which, as the name suggests, focus on neighbourhoods or suburbs where the community as a group develops initiatives that aim to strengthen the community spirit, encourage social interaction and reduce the incidence of crime through increased community engagement. A greater sense of community is aimed at changing the attitudes of would be offenders and involving them in community projects. Research has shown that no single approach is more beneficial than any other, with each having their place to address individual problems. What has also been shown, is that whatever the approach is that has been taken, to ensure its success - it must be well planned and coordinated, appropriately resourced and have the commitment of all those involved. Details: Brisbane: Queensland Parliament, 2014. 371p. Source: Internet Resource: Report No. 82: Accessed April 8, 2015 at: http://www.parliament.qld.gov.au/documents/committees/LACSC/2014/CrimeInquiry2014/rpt-082-28Nov2014.pdf Year: 2014 Country: Australia URL: http://www.parliament.qld.gov.au/documents/committees/LACSC/2014/CrimeInquiry2014/rpt-082-28Nov2014.pdf Shelf Number: 135192 Keywords: Community Crime PreventionCrime Prevention (Australia)Criminal Justice ProgramsSituational Crime PreventionSocio-Economic Conditions and Crime |
Author: Anderson, Jessica Title: Online communities: Utilising emerging technologies to improve crime prevention knowledge, practice and dissemination Summary: Online communities are increasingly being recognised as a way of sharing ideas and knowledge among different practitioner communities, particularly when practitioners are not able to meet face to face. This paper explores the considerations associated with establishing online communities for crime prevention practitioners, drawing on research from across the community of practice, online community and knowledge management sectors. The paper provides an overview of the administrative considerations of online community development, as well as the key barriers and enablers to practitioner engagement in an online community, and the potential implications for a crime prevention-specific practitioner community. As such, it is a useful tool for those in the crime prevention sector wanting to maximise the influence of an existing online community or to guide those contemplating the implementation of an online community of practice in the future. Communities of practice (CoPs) are 'groups of people who share a concern or a passion for something they do and learn how to do it better as they interact regularly' (Wenger 2006: 1). In recent years, online technologies have emerged as an important way of disseminating good practice and have often been developed to support CoPs. Online CoPs allow the transmission of tacit knowledge, which can form a crucial part of learning (Harman & Koohang 2005), particularly in relation to areas such as crime prevention (Ekblom 2010; Teng & Song 2011). From a technical perspective, online CoPs are relatively straightforward to establish, although in reality, the ongoing time and effort required to attract and sustain members can be resource intensive. Key considerations for the planning and establishment of online CoPs are explored in this paper, with a particular focus on the effective implementation of such communities for crime prevention practitioners. In some cases, CoPs emerge without external planning and establishment and this paper's exploration of issues that may affect ongoing participation can be applied to situations where a CoP is identified and supported, rather than specifically being established. Details: Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology, April 2014. 10p. Source: Internet Resource: Trends & issues in crime and criminal justice no. 462: Accessed April 20, 2015 at: http://www.aic.gov.au/publications/current%20series/tandi/461-480/tandi462.html Year: 2014 Country: Australia URL: http://www.aic.gov.au/publications/current%20series/tandi/461-480/tandi462.html Shelf Number: 135262 Keywords: Crime Prevention (Australia)Online Communication |